Training-purpose tones, a manual frequency slider, and an honest speaker-range test.
Not reliably. Most phone and laptop speakers are designed for human hearing and roll off sharply above roughly 20,000 Hz, which is right at the edge of true ultrasonic range β so genuinely silent, ultrasonic tones are usually beyond what everyday speakers can produce.
Dogs can typically hear sounds up to around 45,000 Hz, well beyond the roughly 20,000 Hz upper limit of human hearing, which is why even frequencies that sound faint or silent to people can still be quite noticeable to a dog.
Generally yes at reasonable volume and distance, but high-pitched sounds can startle or stress some dogs, especially noise-sensitive ones, so it's best to start quiet, watch your dog's reaction, and stop if they seem distressed.