Breed average, personalized by weight, spay/neuter status, dental care & lifestyle.
Most dogs live between 10 and 14 years on average, though this varies significantly by size — smaller breeds often live longer (sometimes 15+ years) while giant breeds tend to have shorter lifespans, often 8 to 10 years.
Some research suggests mixed-breed dogs may have a slight longevity advantage, partly due to greater genetic diversity reducing the risk of certain inherited conditions common in some purebred lines, though individual health and care still matter most.
Multiple studies have found spayed and neutered dogs tend to live somewhat longer on average, largely due to a reduced risk of certain reproductive cancers and fewer roaming-related accidents, though the effect can vary by breed and age at the procedure.